Tax Hub
What you keep, not just what you earn.
Six guides through Indian investment tax — equity, mutual funds, gold, US shares, bonds and the 80C/ELSS/NPS box — on one rule table, each rate traced to the Income Tax Department and each calculator run on your own numbers.
What this hub is — and what it isn't
- One rule table. Holding test, short-term rate and long-term rate per asset class — the same table the calculator computes from.
- Your slab, where the law uses it. Slab-taxed assets take your marginal rate instead of a convenient stand-in.
- Officially sourced. Income Tax Department, CBDT via PIB, CBIC, RBI and the IRS — with the snapshot date where the department blocked an automated read.
- Not filing advice. No surcharge guessing, no losses, no set-off, no ITR — and nothing here is recommended over anything else.
Capital gains, asset by asset
Rates in force for transfers on or after 23 July 2024. “Your slab” means the gain is added to your income.
| Asset | Long-term after | Short-term | Long-term | Guide |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Listed equity shares, equity-oriented funds, business trusts | 12 months | 20% | 12.5% above ₹1,25,000 | Read |
| Unlisted equity shares | 24 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
| Debt funds, specified mutual funds and market-linked debentures | Always short-term | Your slab | — | Read |
| Gold ETFs and other listed gold units | 12 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
| Gold fund units, jewellery, coins and digital gold | 24 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
| Listed bonds, debentures and government securities | 12 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
| Unlisted bonds, NCDs and debentures | Always short-term | Your slab | — | Read |
| US and other foreign listed shares and ETFs | 24 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
| Any other capital asset (unlisted, closed-end or residual) | 24 months | Your slab | 12.5% | Read |
Base rates — 4% health-and-education cess applies to the tax on top, and surcharge applies at higher incomes (not modelled here). A short-term capital loss can be set off against any capital gain; a long-term loss only against long-term gains.
The six guides
Every rate and holding period traced to the Income Tax Department, CBDT or the treaty text.
Equity shares: STCG, LTCG and the ₹1.25 lakh line
Twelve months, 20% short-term, 12.5% long-term above ₹1,25,000 — and why the exemption is shared.
Read the guide →Mutual funds: equity, debt and ELSS three ways different
Equity-oriented funds follow the share rules; debt and specified funds are always short-term; ELSS adds a three-year lock-in.
Read the guide →Gold: twelve months for ETFs, twenty-four for the rest
Listed units use the short test, jewellery and funds the long one — and 12.5% replaces indexation everywhere.
Read the guide →US shares and ETFs: Indian tax, US withholding, no ₹1.25 lakh
Residents are taxed in India on the worldwide gain at 12.5% after two years — with no exemption and the rupee doing the maths.
Read the guide →Bonds, NCDs and G-secs: listed and unlisted are not close
Twelve months and 12.5% if the paper is listed; deemed short-term at slab if it is not.
Read the guide →80C, ELSS and NPS: what still saves tax, and where
The ₹1.5 lakh ceiling, the ₹50,000 NPS slice, the three-year ELSS lock-in — and the one deduction the new regime keeps.
Read the guide →Run the numbers
Two in-browser tools — nothing leaves your device.
Capital gains tax calculator
Pick the asset class and holding period; get STCG or LTCG, the section 112A exemption and the tax after cess.
Open →80C / ELSS / NPS calculator
What a deduction is actually worth at your slab, and how much of the ₹1.5 lakh and ₹50,000 ceilings you have left.
Open →Income tax calculator
New regime against old, slab by slab, with 80C/80D/HRA caps applied.
Open →Bond tax estimator
Listed 12.5% long-term against unlisted deemed short-term under section 50AA.
Open →FAQs
Tax questions we get asked
What are the capital gains tax rates now?
Since 23 July 2024 there are two holding periods — twelve months for listed securities, twenty-four months for everything else — and a uniform 12.5% long-term rate without indexation. Listed equity shares, equity-oriented funds and business-trust units pay 12.5% above a ₹1,25,000 yearly exemption (with STT paid), and 20% if sold within twelve months. Debt and other specified mutual funds, market-linked debentures, unlisted bonds and unlisted debentures are deemed short-term whatever the holding, so their gains are taxed at your slab.
Is the ₹1,25,000 long-term exemption available on every asset?
No. It is a section 112A exemption for STT-paid listed equity shares, equity-oriented fund units and business-trust units, shared across all of them in one financial year. Unlisted shares, gold of any form, bonds, debt funds and foreign shares are outside section 112A, so their long-term gains pay 12.5% from the first rupee.
Do the calculators use my income-tax slab?
Only where the law does. Assets taxed at slab — debt and specified funds, unlisted bonds and NCDs, gold held short-term, short-term equity gains outside section 111A — use the marginal rate you enter. The rest use the statutory rate with 4% cess on the tax, and they say so rather than guessing at surcharge or your total income.
How is a mutual fund different from a share for tax?
An equity-oriented fund follows the share rules: twelve months, 20% short-term, 12.5% long-term above the shared ₹1,25,000 exemption. A debt fund or any other specified mutual fund is deemed short-term whatever the holding, so the gain is added to your income at slab and no 80C-to-80U deduction can be set against it. ELSS is an equity-oriented fund with a three-year lock-in.
Should I switch to the new tax regime for the lower slabs?
That depends on the deductions you would lose: section 115BAC keeps only 80CCD(2) (employer NPS), 80CCH(2), 80JJAA and 80LA(1A). If your 80C, 80D, HRA and home-loan interest are large, the old regime can still win; with few deductions the new regime's lower rates usually do. Both regimes are computed slab by slab in the income-tax calculator — nothing here recommends one.
Is this filing advice?
No. This hub states the rules with official sources and applies them to numbers you enter. It does not know your total income, your residential status, your losses or your surcharge band, and it does not file anything. The Income Tax Department's own pages and the linked sources are the authority, and a tax adviser is the person to confirm your position with.
Sources
Reviewed 25 Sept 2026. Tax rates are set by statute and change with the annual Finance Act, so the Income Tax Department’s own pages are the authority — every claim here links to one, with the snapshot date noted where the department’s site refused an automated read.
- Income Tax Department — Capital Gain (Tax Guide)Two holding periods since 23 Jul 2024 (12 months listed securities, 24 months other assets); section 111A short-term rate of 20% on STT-paid equity shares, equity-oriented funds and business-trust units; section 112A long-term rate of 12.5% on the same assets above ₹1,25,000; the uniform 12.5% long-term rate without indexation; the deemed short-term list (depreciable assets, market-linked debentures, specified mutual funds, unlisted bonds and unlisted debentures).Read: Internet Archive snapshot of 14 May 2026 (the department's live pages return 403 to this host).
- Income Tax Department — Sale of Debentures (Tax Guide)Post-23-Jul-2024 bond and debenture table: listed bonds/debentures and government securities at 12.5% long-term without indexation, unlisted ones deemed short-term under section 50AA whatever the holding; the 12-/24-month holding table; and that no deduction under sections 80C to 80U is available against short-term gains taxed at the concessional 15%/20% rate.Read: Internet Archive snapshot of 20 Mar 2026.
- Income Tax Department — Deductions (Chapter VI-A)Section 80C cap of ₹1,50,000; the combined ₹1,50,000 ceiling for 80C + 80CCC + 80CCD(1); 80CCD(1) limited to 10% of salary (20% where there is no salary); 80CCD(1B) additional ₹50,000; 80CCD(2) employer NPS contribution of 14% of salary for government employees and for an employee on the new regime, 10% otherwise; ELSS minimum ₹500 and a three-year lock-in from allotment with repurchase allowed after it; the new regime (section 115BAC) allowing only 80CCD(2), 80CCH(2), 80JJAA and 80LA(1A); and employer contributions above ₹7,50,000 to PF/NPS/superannuation being taxable as salary.Read: Internet Archive snapshot of 5 Jun 2026.
- Income Tax Department — Section 80C (Act text)The statutory list of what qualifies for 80C: provident funds, notified mutual funds (ELSS), life insurance premia, tuition fees, principal repayment on a housing loan, five-year time deposits, NSC, Sukanya Samriddhi and Senior Citizens' Savings Scheme deposits.Read: Internet Archive snapshot of 9 May 2026.
- CBDT — FAQs on the new capital-gains regime (via PIB, 24 Jul 2024, PRID 2036604)Effective 23 Jul 2024; the two holding periods; gold's long-term test reduced from 36 to 24 months; STT-paid listed-equity short-term rate raised from 15% to 20% and the long-term rate from 10% to 12.5%; the section 112A exemption raised from ₹1 lakh to ₹1,25,000 from FY 2024-25 onwards; other long-term gains at 12.5% without indexation; rollover benefits unchanged (section 54EC bonds up to ₹50 lakh).Read: Live fetch, 25 Sep 2026.
- Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 — as summarised in the Income Tax Department's capital-gains guidanceRemoval of indexation for transfers on or after 23 Jul 2024 with the long-term rate set at 12.5%; the grandfathering option for resident individuals and HUFs on land or a building acquired before 23 Jul 2024; the section 50AA amendment deeming unlisted bond and debenture gains short-term.Read: Internet Archive snapshot of 14 May 2026.
- CBIC — GST rates on gold and making charges (as cited in the Gold Hub)3% GST on gold metal, 5% on separately-billed making charges and 3% on a composite jewellery bill — the input side of gold's tax picture.Read: Verified for the Gold Hub (LETSINVEST-106) and reused here.
- India–US Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement, Article 10 (dividends)The treaty dividend rate of 25% for individuals otherwise chargeable at 30%, which is why US dividends are withheld at 25% when a W-8BEN is on file.Read: Verified 24 Sep 2026 for LETSINVEST-146 (PDF downloaded and read); reused here.
- Income Tax Rules, 1962 — Rule 128 (foreign tax credit)The rule that governs a foreign tax credit claim, including the form and the certificate the taxpayer must furnish. Honest limitation: the rule's own PDF could not be re-read for this build — the department's site refuses this host (403) and the archive rejected the PDF request — so the hub links to the rule and does not quote a form number.Read: URL taken from the department's own site index (archived 20 Jun 2026); the PDF body could not be read today.
- Income Tax Department — section 394 TCS table (via the HDFC Bank LRS page, verified for LETSINVEST-146)TCS rates on outward remittances with effect from 1 Apr 2026 (nil up to ₹10 lakh, 20% for other purposes above it) — and the fact that TCS is a tax collected at source the taxpayer can adjust, not a final tax.Read: Verified 24 Sep 2026 for LETSINVEST-146; reused here.
- RBI — Liberalised Remittance Scheme FAQsThe USD 250,000-per-financial-year LRS cap for residents — the ceiling that decides how much can be sent to a US broker at all.Read: Verified 24 Sep 2026 for LETSINVEST-146; reused here.